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A roof is not enough: Unstable housing, vulnerability to HIV infection and the plight of the SRO

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References (5)

  • J.C. Reyes et al.

    Homelessness and HIV risk behaviors among drug injectors in Puerto Rico

    Journal of Urban Health

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    Mortality in a cohort of street youth in Montreal

    Journal of American Medical Association

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Cited by (31)

  • Homelessness, HIV testing, and the reach of public health efforts for people who inject drugs, San Francisco, California

    2021, Drug and Alcohol Dependence
    Citation Excerpt :

    Historically, SROs have been identified as some of the few viable housing options for PWID as well as sites that could IDU-related risk. Thus, services may include onsite HIV support programs (e.g., testing, needle exchange, counseling) (Bucher et al., 2007; Evans and Strathdee, 2006). Existing public health foci on reaching PWID struggling with some of the greater socioeconomic barriers, such as lack of housing (Bucher et al., 2007; Metsch et al., 2015; Robertson et al., 2004; Wenzel et al., 2017), may be working, at least for PWID who live in SROs.

  • Surviving the housing crisis: Social violence and the production of evictions among women who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada

    2018, Health and Place
    Citation Excerpt :

    SRAs were historically built for men working in seasonal industries, and were designed as a temporary form of housing (Sommers and Blomley, 2002). However, housing policies in many urban centers, particularly those marked by gentrification, have favored SRAs as a source of ‘affordable housing’ for homeless or unstably housed populations despite research underscoring the association of these housing environments with higher rates of HIV infection, injection drug use, and violence (Evans and Strathdee, 2006; Shannon et al., 2006). Additionally, research has demonstrated how the organization of SRA housing environments produces gendered vulnerability to health and drug-related harms for WWUD, and can increase risk-taking practices among women (Knight et al., 2014; Lazarus et al., 2011).

  • Supportive housing and surveillance

    2016, International Journal of Drug Policy
    Citation Excerpt :

    Rather than enhancing public safety, research on the intensification of police activities in the DTES detail VPD human rights violations that have negatively impacted residents and perpetuated a range of specific health-related harms including HIV risk behaviour (see King, 2014; Markwick et al., 2015; Penderson & Swanson, 2010; Small et al., 2006). In order to reduce harm, in Vancouver and elsewhere, social housing with harm reduction has also been advanced (Evans & Strathdee, 2006; Pauly et al., 2013; Shannon et al., 2006). This is a significant policy directive as it is attentive to how homelessness and risk environments increase the harms of substance use (Pauly et al., 2013; Rhodes, 2002, 2009).

  • Single room occupancy (SRO) hotels as mental health risk environments among impoverished women: The intersection of policy, drug use, trauma, and urban space

    2014, International Journal of Drug Policy
    Citation Excerpt :

    Contributing factors include neighborhood conditions (Cohen et al., 2003; Dalgard & Tambs, 1997; Johnson, Ladd, & Ludwig, 2002; Leventhal & Brooks-Gunn, 2000; Wandersman & Nation, 1998), poor housing quality (Evans, Wells, & Moch, 2003; Freeman, 1984), crowding and lack of privacy (Baum & Paulus, 1987; Evans & Lepore, 1993; Wener & Keys, 1988), and noise (Stansfeld, 1993), which negatively impact depression (Galea et al., 2005; Weich et al., 2002), social support (Evans & Lepore, 1993; McCarthy & Saegert, 1979) and recovery from cognitive fatigue and stress (Frumkin, 2001; Ulrich, 1991). Living in an SRO, when compared to living in other housing environments, has been associated with higher rates of HIV infection, emergency room use, recent incarceration, having been physically assaulted, crack cocaine smoking, and cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine injection (Evans & Strathdee, 2006; Shannon, Ishida, Lai, & Tyndall, 2006). Further, Lazarus, Chettiar, Deering, Nabess, and Shannon (2011) demonstrate that the specific organization and management of SROs creates a gendered vulnerability to violence and sexual risk taking among women.

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