International Journal of Drug Policy
Volume 18, Issue 5 , Pages 359-363 , October 2007

Prevalence and correlates of hepatitis C virus infection among injecting drug users in Tehran

  • Saman Zamani

      Affiliations

    • Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +81 75 753 4350; fax: +81 75 753 4359.
    • ,
  • Seiichi Ichikawa

      Affiliations

    • Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
    • ,
  • Bijan Nassirimanesh

      Affiliations

    • Persepolis Society, Tehran, Iran
    • ,
  • Mohsen Vazirian

      Affiliations

    • Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
    • ,
  • Kazuko Ichikawa

      Affiliations

    • Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
    • ,
  • Mohammad Mehdi Gouya

      Affiliations

    • Center for Disease Management, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
    • ,
  • Parviz Afshar

      Affiliations

    • Iran Prison Organization, Tehran, Iran
    • ,
  • Masako Ono-Kihara

      Affiliations

    • Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
    • ,
  • Shahrzad Mortazavi Ravari

      Affiliations

    • Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan
    • ,
  • Masahiro Kihara

      Affiliations

    • Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan

Received 5 October 2006 ,Revised 1 February 2007 ,Accepted 12 February 2007.

References 

  1. Alavian SM, Gholami B, Masarrat S. Hepatitis B and C virus infection: Hepatitis C risk factors in Iranian volunteer blood donors: A case control study. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2002;17:1092–1097
  2. Alavian SM, Adibi P, Zali MR. Hepatitis C virus in Iran: Epidemiology of an emerging infection. Archives of Iranian Medicine. 2005;8(2):84–90
  3. De Cock L, Hutse V, Verhaegen E, Quoilin S, Vandenberghe H, Vranckx R. Detection of HCV antibodies in oral fluid. Journal of Virological Methods. 2004;122:179–183
  4. Ghavanini AA, Sabri MR. Hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-hepatitis C antibodies among blood donors in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2000;6:1114–1116
  5. Hajiani E, Hashemi J, Masjedizadeh R, Shayesteh AA, Idani E, Rajabi T. Seroepidemiology of hepatitis C and its risk factors in Khuzestan Province, south-west of Iran: A case-control study. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2006;14:4884–4887
  6. Hellard ME, Hocking JS, Crofts N. The prevalence and risk behaviours associated with the transmission of hepatitis C virus in Australian correctional facilities. Epidemiology and Infection. 2004;132:409–415
  7. Iran Prison Organization, Health and Treatment Headquarter. (2006). An overview on HIV/AIDS in prisons of Islamic Republic of Iran (In Persian).
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  9. Khani M, Vakili MM. Prevalence and risk factors of HIV, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections in drug addicts among Zanjan prisoners. Archives of Iranian Medicine. 2003;6:1–4
  10. Mizui M, Moriya T, Yoshizawa H, Kondo M, Saito T, Imai M, et al. A novel agglutination method for screening of HIV and HCV antibody testing with 5-microliters reagents: reduction of cost and time with high sensitivity. VoxSang. 1994;67:315–316
  11. Mohammad Alizadeh AH, Alavian SM, Jafari K, Yazdi N. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus and its related risk factors in drug abuser prisoners in Hamedan-Iran. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2005;11:4085–4089
  12. Razzaghi EM, Rahimi Movaghar A. Rapid assessment and response: Multi-center project on injection drug use. Tehran: WHO; 2003;
  13. Samuel MC, Doherty PM, Bulterys M, Jenison SA. Association between heroin use, needle sharing and tattoos received in prison with hepatitis B and C positivity among street-based injecting drug users in New Mexico, USA. Epidemiology and Infection. 2001;127:475–484
  14. Shepard CW, Finelli L, Alter MJ. Epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis B virus infection in United States children. Lancet Infectious Disease. 2005;5:558–567
  15. Vazirian M, Nassirimanesh B, Zamani S, Ono-Kihara M, Kihara M, Mortazavi Ravari M, et al. Needle and syringe sharing practices of injecting drug users participating in an outreach HIV prevention program in Tehran, Iran: A cross-sectional study. Harm Reduction Journal. 2005;2:19
  16. World Health Organization. (2006). Hepatitis C. Retrieved 30th September 2006 from http://www.who.int/immunization/topics/hepatitis_c/en/print.html.
  17. Zali MR, Aghazadeh R, Nowroozi A, Amir-Rasouly H. Anti-HCV antibody among Iranian IV drug users: Is it a serious problem?. Archives of Iranian Medicine. 2001;4:115–119
  18. Zamani S, Kihara M, Gouya MM, Vazirian M, Ono-Kihara M, Razzaghi ME, et al. Prevalence of and factors associated with HIV-1 infection among drug users visiting treatment centers in Tehran, Iran. AIDS. 2005;19:709–716
  19. Zamani S, Kihara M, Gouya MM, Vazirian M, Nassirimanesh B, Ono-Kihara M, et al. High prevalence of HIV infection associated with incarceration among community-based injecting drug users in Tehran, Iran. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. 2006;42:342–346

PII: S0955-3959(07)00042-4

doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2007.02.007

International Journal of Drug Policy
Volume 18, Issue 5 , Pages 359-363 , October 2007

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