International Journal of Drug Policy
Volume 19, Issue 3 , Pages 183-188 , June 2008

Nurse-delivered safer injection education among a cohort of injection drug users: Evidence from the evaluation of Vancouver's supervised injection facility

  • R. Alan Wood

      Affiliations

    • University of British Columbia School of Nursing, T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5 Canada
    • IMPART Program, British Columbia Centre of Excellence for Women's Health, E311 - 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1 Canada
    • ,
  • Evan Wood

      Affiliations

    • British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608 - 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6 Canada
    • Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 3300 - 950 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E3 Canada
    • ,
  • Calvin Lai

      Affiliations

    • British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608 - 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6 Canada
    • ,
  • Mark W. Tyndall

      Affiliations

    • British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608 - 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6 Canada
    • Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 3300 - 950 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E3 Canada
    • ,
  • Julio S.G. Montaner

      Affiliations

    • British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608 - 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6 Canada
    • Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 3300 - 950 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E3 Canada
    • ,
  • Thomas Kerr

      Affiliations

    • British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608 - 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6 Canada
    • Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 3300 - 950 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E3 Canada
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608 - 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6 Canada. Tel.: +1 604 806 9116; fax: +1 604 806 9044.

Received 16 July 2007 ,Revised 21 November 2007 ,Accepted 2 January 2008.

References 

  1. Broadhead RS, Kerr TH, Grund J, Altice FL. Safer injection facilities in North America: Their place in public policy and health initiatives. Journal of Drug Issues. 2002;32(1):329–355
  2. Des Jarlais DC, Friedman SR. Fifteen years of research on preventing HIV infection among injecting drug users: What we have learned, what we have not learned, what we have done, what we have not done. Public Health Reports. 1998;113(Suppl. 1):182–188
  3. Des Jarlais DC, Marmor M, Paone D, Titus S, Shi Q, Perlis T, et al. HIV incidence among injecting drug users in New York City syringe-exchange programmes. Lancet. 1996;348(9033):987–991
  4. Dolan K, Kimber J, Fry C, Fitzgerald J, MacDonald D, Trautmann F. Drug consumption facilities in Europe and the establishment of supervised injecting centres in Australia. Drug and Alcohol Review. 2000;19(3):337–346
  5. Hagan H, McGough J, Thiede H, Weiss NS, Hopkins S. Syringe exchange and risk of infection with hepatitis B and C viruses. American Journal of Epidemiology. 1999;149:203–213
  6. Kerr T, Fairbairn N, Tyndall M, Marsh D, Li K, Montaner J, et al. Predictors of non-fatal overdose among a cohort of polysubstance-using injection drug users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2007;87:39–45
  7. Kerr T, Marsh D, Li K, Montaner J, Wood E. Factors associated with methadone maintenance therapy use among a cohort of polysubstance using injection drug users in Vancouver. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2005;80:329–335
  8. Kral A, Bluthenthal R, Erringer E, Lorvick J, Edlin B. Risk factors among IDUs who give injections to or receive injections from other drug users. Addiction. 1999;94(5):675–683
  9. Miller CL, Kerr T, Frankish JC, Spittal PM, Li K, Schechter MT, et al. Binge drug use independently predicts HIV seroconversion among injection drug users: Implications for public health strategies. Substance Use & Misuse. 2006;41(2):199–210
  10. O’Connell JM, Kerr T, Li K, Tyndall MW, Hogg RS, Montaner JS, et al. Requiring help injecting independently predicts incident HIV infection among injection drug users. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2005;40(1):83–88
  11. Shah NG, Celentano DD, Vlahov D, Stambolis V, Johnson L, Nelson KE, et al. Correlates of enrollment in methadone maintenance treatment programs differ by HIV-serostatus. AIDS. 2000;14:2035–2043
  12. Small W, Rhodes T, Wood E, Kerr T. Public injection settings in Vancouver: Physical environment, social context and risk. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2007;18(1):27–36
  13. Vlahov D, Fuller CM, Ompad DC, Galea S, Des Jarlais DC. Updating the infection risk reduction hierarchy: Preventing transition into injection. Journal of Urban Health. 2004;81(1):14–19
  14. Wood E, Kerr T. What do you do when you hit rock bottom? Responding to drugs in the city of Vancouver. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2006;17(2):55–60
  15. Wood E, Kerr T, Lloyd-Smith E, Buchner C, Marsh DC, Montaner JS, et al. Methodology for evaluating Insite: Canada's first medically supervised safer injection facility for injection drug users. Harm Reduction Journal. 2004;1(9):Retrieved June 26, 2007 from http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/1/1/9
  16. Wood E, Kerr T, Stoltz J, Qui Z, Zhang R, Montaner JSG, et al. Prevalence and correlates of hepatitis C infection among users of North America's first medically supervised safer injection facility. Public Health. 2005;119:1111–1115
  17. Wood E, Spittal P, Kerr T, Small W, Tyndall M, O'Shaughnessy M, et al. Requiring help injecting as a risk factor for HIV infection in the Vancouver epidemic: Implications for HIV prevention. Canadian Journal of Public Health. 2003;94(5):355–359
  18. Wood E, Tyndall MW, Li K, Lloyd-Smith E, Small W, Montaner JS, et al. Do supervised injecting facilities attract higher-risk injection drug users?. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2005;29(2):126–130
  19. Wood E, Tyndall M, Spittal P, Li K, Hogg R, Montaner J, et al. Factors associated with persistent high-risk syringe sharing in the presence of an established needle exchange programme. AIDS. 2002;16(6):941–943
  20. Wood E, Tyndall M, Spittal P, Li K, Hogg R, O'Shaughnessy M, et al. Needle exchange and difficulty with needle access during an ongoing HIV epidemic. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2002;13(2):95–102
  21. Wood E, Tyndall M, Stoltz J, Small W, Zhanga R, O’Connell J, et al. Safer injecting education for HIV prevention within a medically supervised safer injecting facility. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2005;16:281–284
  22. Wright NM, Tompkins CN. Supervised injecting centres. British Medical Journal. 2004;328:100–102

PII: S0955-3959(08)00002-9

doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.01.003

International Journal of Drug Policy
Volume 19, Issue 3 , Pages 183-188 , June 2008

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