International Journal of Drug Policy
Volume 22, Issue 1 , Pages 26-33 , January 2011

Prevalence and factors related to syringe sharing behaviours among female injecting drug users who are also sex workers in China

  • Jing Gu

      Affiliations

    • School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
    • ,
  • Joseph T.F. Lau

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Health Behaviors Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
    • Centre for Medical Anthropology and Behavioral Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, China
    • ,
  • Hongyao Chen

      Affiliations

    • Dazhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 96 Tongchuan North Road, Dazhou, Sichuan 635000, China
    • ,
  • Hiyi Tsui

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Health Behaviors Research, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
    • ,
  • Wenhua Ling

      Affiliations

    • School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, China
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +86 20 87331597; fax: +86 20 87330446.

Received 12 February 2010 ,Revised 2 June 2010 ,Accepted 28 June 2010.

References 

  1. Alantes CR, Fraile JS, Page JB. Drug-using sex workers in the streets of valencia: Risk in context. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse. 2002;4:1–27
  2. Ajzen I. The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 1991;50:179–211
  3. Astemborski J, Vlahov D, Warren D, Solomon L, Nelson KE. The trading of sex for drugs or money and HIV seropositivity among female intravenous drug users. American Journal of Public Health. 1994;84:382–387
  4. Azim T, Chowdhury EI, Reza M, Ahmed M, Uddin MT, Khan R, et al. Vulnerability to HIV infection among sex worker and non-sex worker female injecting drug users in Dhaka Bangladesh: Evidence from the baseline survey of a cohort study. Harm Reduction Journal. 2006;3:33
  5. Beck AT. Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Hoeber; 1967;
  6. Brook DW, Brook JS, Richter L, Masci JR, Roberto J. Needle sharing: A longitudinal study of female injection drug users. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. 2000;26:263–281
  7. Brown EJ. Female injecting drug users: Human immunodeficiency virus risk behavior and intervention needs. Journal of Professional Nursing. 1998;14:361–369
  8. Cohen D. Poverty & HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa (22 April 2005). UNDP HIV and Development Programme Paper No. 27. Available from: http://www.undp.org/hiv/publications/issues/english/issue27e.html. Accessed 12.04.09.
  9. Cohen J, Cohen P. Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, N.J: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1983;
  10. Couture MC, Soto JC, Akom E, Joseph G, Zunzunegui MV. Determinants of intention to use condoms among clients of female sex workers in Haiti. AIDS Care. 2010;22:253–262
  11. Dazhou Center for Disease Control Prevention . Dazhou HIV/AIDS surveillance report. Dazhou: Dazhou Center for Disease Control Prevention; 2005;
  12. Edwards JM, Halpern CT, Wechsberg WM. Correlates of exchanging sex for drugs or money among women who use crack cocaine. AIDS Education & Prevention. 2006;18:420–429
  13. Exner TM, Seal DW, Ehrhardt AA. A review of HIV interventions for at-risk women. AIDS and Behavior. 1997;1:93–124
  14. Fitzgerald T, Lundgren L, Chassler D. Factors associated with HIV/AIDS high-risk behaviours among female injection drug users. AIDS Care. 2007;19:67–74
  15. Gossop M, Powis B, Griffiths P, Strang J. Female prostitutes in south London: Use of heroin, cocaine and alcohol, and their relationship to health risk behaviours. AIDS Care. 1995;7:253–260
  16. Gu J, Chen H, Chen X, Lau JTF, Wang R, Liu C, et al. Severity of drug dependence, economic pressure and HIV-related risk behaviors among non-institutionalized female injecting drug users who are also sex workers in China. Drug & Alcohol Dependence. 2008;97:257–267
  17. Gu J, Lau JTF, Chen X, Liu C, Liu J, Chen H, et al. Using the theory of planned behavior to investigate condom use behaviors among female injecting drug users who are also sex workers in China. AIDS Care. 2009;21:967–975
  18. Gu J, Wang R, Chen H, Lau JTF, Zhang L, Hu X, et al. Prevalence of needle sharing, commercial sex behaviors and associated factors in Chinese male and female injecting drug user populations. AIDS Care. 2009;21:31–41
  19. Hong Y, Li X, Fang X, Zhao R. Depressive symptoms and condom use with clients among female sex workers in China. Sexual Health. 2007;4:99–104
  20. Kral AH, Bluthenthal RN, Booth RE, Watters JK. HIV seroprevalence among street-recruited injection drug and crack cocaine users in 16 US municipalities. American Journal of Public Health. 1998;88:108–113
  21. Lau JTF, Cheng F, Tsui H, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang N, et al. Clustering of syringe sharing and unprotected sex risk behaviors in male injecting drug users in China. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2007;34:574–582
  22. Lau JTF, Gu J, Zhang L, Cheng F, Zhang Y, Zhang J, et al. Comparing prevalence of HIV-related behaviors among female injecting drug users (IDU) whose regular sexual partner was or was not IDU in Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces, China. AIDS Care. 2009;21:909–917
  23. Lau JTF, Tsui H-Y, Zhang Y, Cheng F, Zhang L, Zhang J, et al. Comparing HIV-related syringe sharing behaviors among female IDU engaging versus not engaging in commercial sex. Drug & Alcohol Dependence. 2008;97:54–63
  24. Lau JTF, Zhang J, Zhang L, Wang N, Cheng F, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing prevalence of condom use among 15379 female sex workers injecting or not injecting drugs in China. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2007;34:908–916
  25. Leith KP, Baumeister RF. Why do bad moods increase self-defeating behavior? Emotion, risk taking, and self-regulation. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology. 1996;71:1250–1267
  26. Metzger D, Woody G, De Philippis D, McLellan AT, O’Brien CP, Platt JJ. Risk factors for needle sharing among methadone-treated patients. American Journal of Psychiatry. 1991;148:636–640
  27. Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic (MAP) . AIDS in Asia: Face the fact. A comprehensive analysis of AIDS epidemic in Asia. Monitoring the AIDS Pandemic (MAP); 2004;
  28. Paone D, Cooper H, Alperen J, Shi Q, Des Jarlais DC. HIV risk behaviours of current sex workers attending syringe exchange: The experiences of women in five US cities. AIDS Care. 1999;11:269–280
  29. Platt L, Rhodes T, Lowndes CM, Madden P, Sarang A, Mikhailova L, et al. Impact of gender and sex work on sexual and injecting risk behaviors and their association with HIV positivity among injecting drug users in an HIV epidemic in Togliatti City Russian Federation. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2005;32:605–612
  30. Sherman SG, German D, Cheng Y, Marks M, Bailey-Kloche M. The evaluation of the JEWEL project: An innovative economic enhancement and HIV prevention intervention study targeting drug using women involved in prostitution. AIDS Care. 2006;18:1–11
  31. Spittal PM, Bruneau J, Craib KJ, Miller C, Lamothe F, Weber AE, et al. Surviving the sex trade: A comparison of HIV risk behaviours among street-involved women in two Canadian cities who inject drugs. AIDS Care. 2003;15:187–195
  32. State Council AIDS Working Committee Office, China & UN Theme Group on HIV/AIDS in China . A Joint Assessment of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Treatment and Care in China. Beijing; 2007;
  33. Strathdee SA, Philbin MM, Semple SJ, Pu M, Orozovich P, Martinez G, et al. Correlates of injection drug use among female sex workers in two Mexico–U.S. border cities. Drug & Alcohol Dependence. 2008;92:132–140
  34. Tran TN, Detels R, Long HT, Lan HP. Drug use among female sex workers in Hanoi Vietnam. Addiction. 2005;100:619–625
  35. UNAIDS , WHO . AIDS epidemic update. Geneva: UNAIDS and WHO; 2006;
  36. Weeks MR, Grier M, Romero-Daza N, Puglisi-Vasquez MJ, Singer M. Streets, drugs, and the economy of sex in the age of AIDS. Women & Health. 1998;27:205–229
  37. Yang H, Li X, Stanton B, Liu H, Liu H, Wang N, et al. Heterosexual transmission of HIV in China: A systematic review of behavioral studies in the past two decades. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2005;32:270–280
  38. Yin L, Qin G, Qian H-Z, Zhu Y, Hu W, Zhang L, et al. Continued spread of HIV among injecting drug users in southern Sichuan Province China. Harm Reduction Journal. 2007;4:6
  39. Zhang C, Yang R, Xia X, Qin S, Dai J, Zhang Z, et al. High prevalence of HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus coinfection among injection drug users in the southeastern region of Yunnan, China. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes. 2002;29:191–196
  40. Zhao R, Gao H, Shi X, Tucker JD, Yang Z, Min X, et al. Sexually transmitted disease/HIV and heterosexual risk among miners in townships of Yunnan Province China. AIDS Patient Care & STDS. 2005;19:848–852

PII: S0955-3959(10)00100-3

doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2010.06.005

International Journal of Drug Policy
Volume 22, Issue 1 , Pages 26-33 , January 2011

Article Tools